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Transitioning to Low-Carbon Steel Production to Address Climate Challenges

A report by Global Efficiency Intelligence titled "Steel and Coal" analyzes coal consumption in steelmaking, highlighting the industry's dependence on coal, especially in Blast Furnace-Basic Oxygen Furnace (BF-BOF) production. The iron and steel industry contributes about 7% of global GHG emissions and 11% of CO2 emissions.

The Steel Breakthrough Agenda aims for near-zero emission steel to dominate global markets by 2030. It stresses the need to shift to low-carbon technologies, such as hydrogen-based Direct Reduced Iron (H?-DRI), to mitigate climate impacts and reduce coal reliance.